Who can introduce Chinese tones? What are some examples?
Mandarin has officially 4 tones: high (阴平, yīnpíng), rising (阳平, yángpíng), dipping (上声, shàngshēng) and falling (去声, qùshēng), plus a light tone (轻声, qīngshēng). 5 degrees are used to describe the gliding of these tones.
The first tone, High, noted with Macron (¯) in pinyin, makes a high-flat sound. Imagine opening your mouth wide and saying “ah” when doing a dental check, and that's it.
The rising tone, noted with Acute (ˊ), is, well, what it literally means. It's kinda like you're asking a question or doubting somebody when you say it, but the tone is used in a single word, not the whole sentence. The dipping tone noted by Caron (ˇ) maybe the most confusing one. To achieve it, you'll need to lower your tone a bit and then rising it. Associate it with dashing down a slope and immediately starting to climb up another. Finally, falling tone marked with Grave (`). It's easy to understand because you're doing it everyday when something messed up. Just yell with rage: “F**k!”
First, tones exist in all languages.
The only difference between tonal languages (such as Chinese) and non-tonal ones is the purpose of the tone. In tonal languages, the tone signifies a difference in the word/character itself. In non-tonal languages, the tone signifies a difference in an emotional state. So personally, when I want to introduce tones to somebody who speaks a language without tones, I simply tell them to recreate emotional states. -- Let’s take the comparison of Chinese and English. We can assign an “emotional state” to the four tones of putonghua as follows:
E.g., We rise or fall. [In diacritics] Wē ríse õr fàll. 英雄好汉 都來讲了。
Chinese has four tones, one light tone: mā má mǎ mà. Light tone ma unmarked. Why use tones, an annoyance or gain? E.g., 你 nï, you; [given] the character 你,and its pinyin; I conjure up your mug and meaning “you.” Four(4), count them, bits of info provided by each word. You decide whether tones give you annoyance or gain.
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